目的 了解我国不同地区老年人自评健康状况的现状及差异，并探究其自评健康状况的影响因素。方法 数据来源为2013年中国健康与养老全国追踪调查（China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study，CHARLS）数据，利用有序logistic模型进行影响因素的分析。结果 东部地区老年人自评健康状况优于中、西部地区〔(偏回归系数分别为0.252（ P<0.01）、0.338（ P<0.001)〕。性别、户口类型、教育年限、人均消费性支出、吸烟、饮酒状况、社会活动参与度、慢性病患病情况、生活满意度对老年人自评健康影响显著。结论 老年人自评健康存在地区差异。卫生政策应适当的向中、西部倾斜，合理布局中、西部卫生资源；大力发展中、西部经济，不断缩小地区间经济和教育水平差异；同时倡导健康的生活方式。
英文摘要:
Objective To determine differences of self-rated health in elderly people across geographic regions of China, and to identify factors influencing self-rated health of elderly. Methods Ordered logistic modeling was performed using the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) data in 2013. Results Elderly people resided in Eastern China had better self-rated health than their counterparts residing in Middle (partial regression coefficient 0.252, P<0.01) and Western (partial regression coefficient 0.338, P<0.001) China. Sex, residency, education, per capita consumption expenditure, smoking and drinking, social participation, chronic diseases, and life satisfaction were identified as associated with self-rated health of elderly. Conclusion There are regional differences in self-rated health of elderly. Policy priorities should be given to Middle and Western China, with more health resources being allocated to those regions. Regional economic and educational inequalities need to be addressed. Healthy lifestyle should be promoted.
